Vulvovaginal Atrophy

Vulvovaginal atrophy is a broad term that includes changes to the vagina and vulva (the outer genital area) caused by decreasing estrogen levels. The vulvar tissue can become thinner, dryer, and more sensitive, which can cause irritation, itching, and discomfort associated with clothing or physical activity as well as with intercourse.

This is the same condition as vaginal atrophy but is described with a wider scope. It is now often associated under the term GSM (genitourinary syndrome of menopause), which also includes urinary symptoms. Treatment includes local estrogen therapy as the most effective option, and over-the-counter moisturizers to help with daily comfort.